A large shopping mall has implemented a security camera system equipped with AI to analyze live footage and automatically flag suspicious behavior. Recently, the system has been consistently flagging individuals from a specific ethnic group more frequently than others, leading to concerns among the mall management and community members about potential bias in the AI model. The team suspects that this issue might be due to certain groups being overrepresented or underrepresented in the data used to train the model, resulting in biased outcomes. Given this situation, which type of bias is most likely responsible for the system disproportionately flagging individuals based on their ethnic group?