The correct answers are Subscription and Filters.

You create a saved search that returns all issues marked as critical and save it as a Filters entry so the query is reusable and shareable across the project and instance. Saved filters are the mechanism Jira uses to capture a specific set of issues that can then be acted on or distributed.

Once the query is saved you create a Subscription for that Filters and schedule it to run every Friday. A Subscription will send a single consolidated email that lists the matching issues on the schedule you choose so it meets the requirement for one weekly email.

Automation is not correct because automation rules are oriented around actions triggered by events or scheduled tasks and they do not produce the standard filter subscription style consolidated email as the built in subscription feature does.

Notifications is not correct because notification schemes send event driven emails to users about issue changes and they do not provide a scheduled consolidated list of matching issues.

Webhook is not correct because webhooks send HTTP payloads to external systems and they do not deliver an email containing a consolidated list to a user mailbox.

Global Permission is not correct because global permissions control administrative and access rights and they have nothing to do with scheduling or sending issue list emails.

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