The correct answer is An employee uses a proximity badge to enter a locked workstation where files are erased and an entry recording the employee's identity and the action is retained.

This scenario illustrates auditing as a method of accountability because it attributes the action to a specific individual and preserves a record of what occurred. The retained entry provides the necessary evidence to determine who performed the file erasure and when it happened and that supports investigations and enforcement of policy.

A monitoring system detects a service failure and writes diagnostic events to a system log describes operational logging for fault diagnosis. It records system conditions but it does not necessarily link actions to a responsible person and so it does not demonstrate accountability auditing.

A login attempt is refused and a record of the failed authentication attempt is stored captures authentication events and can support intrusion detection. It primarily documents access attempts rather than proving responsibility for an authorized action such as deleting files and so it is not the best example of accountability auditing.

A background data repair job automatically corrects discovered record inconsistencies describes automated remediation. It performs corrective work without attributing the change to a human actor and so it does not provide the attribution and retained proof that auditing for accountability requires.

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