The correct option is Version control system.

A Version control system records every change to source files and modules as commits so the team can see who changed what and when. It preserves historical versions, supports diffs and blame information, and enables branching and merging so developers can work in parallel and revert to earlier states when needed.

Binary artifact repository is used to store built packages and compiled binaries rather than to record the line level edit history of source files. It helps distribute releases but it does not provide commits, diffs, or author history for source code.

Configuration management is concerned with managing system and environment configuration and it may use version control to track configuration items. It is not itself the primary tool for recording detailed source file edits and version history even though the disciplines complement each other.

Secure software development lifecycle is a process framework for integrating security into development work across planning build and maintenance. It describes practices and controls rather than providing the repository and history tracking features that a version control system provides.

Full AWS Practitioner Certification Question