The correct answer is The risk that remains after all safeguards and mitigations have been applied.

Residual risk is the exposure that remains after you implement controls and safeguards. It is the portion of risk you still face after mitigation and it is what an organization must accept, transfer, or seek to further reduce. In a security assessment for a company like Meridian Labs you identify inherent risk, apply controls, and then document residual risk to show the remaining exposure and any accepted business risk.

Security Command Center is a specific security product and not a definition of residual risk. It can help surface findings but it does not describe the level of risk that remains after controls.

The level of risk present before any security measures are implemented describes inherent risk rather than residual risk. That phrase refers to the starting exposure before controls reduce it.

Risk that is fully removed by strong security controls is incorrect because controls rarely eliminate risk completely and some exposure usually remains. Residual risk is what remains not what is fully removed.

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