Security controls can completely remove every potential risk is the correct choice because that statement overstates what controls can achieve and so misunderstands their purpose and limits.

Security controls reduce and manage risk but they cannot eradicate all risk. Threats evolve and unknown vulnerabilities and human errors can produce residual risk. Organizations accept or transfer that residual risk through risk acceptance, insurance, or compensating controls while they continuously monitor and improve defenses.

Security controls are intended to safeguard organizational assets is not a misunderstanding. That statement correctly describes the goal of controls which is to protect confidentiality, integrity, and availability of assets.

Controls can be configured to either prevent security incidents or to detect them after they occur is also correct. Preventive controls like firewalls and detective controls like logging and intrusion detection both play valid roles in a layered security strategy.

The choice and deployment of controls often depends on cloud platform capabilities such as Google Cloud IAM and VPC is not wrong either. Cloud platform features and the shared responsibility model influence which controls you can deploy and how you implement them.

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