The correct option is Basic username and password sign in.

This method is weak for protecting highly confidential code because it cannot be scoped to specific resources and it is hard to rotate and audit. GitHub has deprecated the use of account passwords for Git and API operations and has required stronger non password credentials for these workflows. Attackers can more easily phish or reuse passwords, so sensitive automation and developer actions should avoid this method and use credentials that support least privilege, rotation, and revocation.

Deploy keys are appropriate for automation on a single repository and can be configured as read only or with write access. They use SSH which is a stronger approach for machine access and can be rotated and audited.

Personal access tokens are the supported replacement for passwords. Fine grained tokens can be limited to specific repositories and permissions and can have expirations, which makes them suitable for sensitive workflows when managed with least privilege.

SSH keys provide strong cryptographic authentication and are well suited for developer access and automation when protected with a passphrase and proper key management. They are widely recommended over passwords for secure Git operations.

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