Amazon FSx for Lustre is the correct choice because it is built for high performance computing and analytics and it can link an Amazon S3 data repository so S3 objects appear as POSIX files and results can be exported back to the bucket.

Amazon FSx for Lustre provides a POSIX compliant file system with massive parallel throughput and low latency which suits EC2 based large scale simulations. It can mount on Linux instances and stream data from S3 on demand so the 25 TB input library can be presented as files and updates can be synchronized back to the bucket after processing.

Amazon Elastic File System (EFS) is a general purpose NFS file system that offers shared storage for many workloads but it does not natively project S3 objects as files and it is not optimized for the parallel high throughput requirements of HPC simulations.

AWS Storage Gateway File Gateway exposes S3 as NFS or SMB for hybrid on premises access and object upload but it is not a parallel POSIX file system tuned for EC2 clusters and it is not intended for high throughput analytics pipelines.

Amazon FSx for Windows File Server targets Windows SMB workloads and does not integrate with S3 to present objects as POSIX files and it is not suitable for Linux based HPC or Lustre style parallel I O.

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